Sylvius Leopold Weiss (12th October 1687–16th October 1750) was a German composer and lutenist. Born in Grottkau near Breslau, the son of Johann Jacob Weiss, also a lutenist, he served at courts in Breslau, Rome, and Dresden, where he died. Until recently, he was thought to have been born in 1686, but recent evidence suggests that he was in fact born the following year. Weiss was the most important and the most prolific composer of lute music in history and one of the best-known and most technically accomplished lutenists of his day.

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